AP Biology Formula Sheet
This AP Bio formula sheet sets out every equation on the College Board’s AP Biology Equations and Formulas reference sheet (© 2025), the AP Bio reference sheet you get in the exam, including for the 2026 exam. Use it to practise until you can find each AP Bio formula quickly.
- 22 formulas
- 4 sections
- Checked 22 October 2026
Statistical analysis and probability
Degrees of freedom = number of distinct possible outcomes minus one.
- Mean
- Standard deviation
- Standard error of the mean
- Chi-square
- Chi-square critical values, p = 0.05
- Chi-square critical values, p = 0.01
- Mutually exclusive events
- Independent events
- Hardy–Weinberg equations
- Mode, median and range
Rate, growth and diversity
Population growth and Simpson’s Diversity Index.
- Rate
- Population growth
- Exponential growth
- Logistic growth
- Simpson's Diversity Index
Water potential
In an open container the pressure potential is zero, so ψ equals the solute potential.
- Water potential
- Solute potential
- Pressure constant and temperature
Surface area and volume
Sphere, rectangular solid, cylinder and cube.
- Sphere
- Rectangular solid
- Cylinder
- Cube
Based on the College Board AP Biology Exam Reference Information (© 2025 College Board) (official source), checked 22 October 2026. Always check the formula list printed in your own exam paper.
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